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An IX or (IXP) is physical Internet Exchange Point located in data centers. ISPs and CDNs who own and maintain the infrastructure exchange traffic between their networks through the network switches located there.
The concept of an IX is a collaboration with all Internet Service Providers providers to share the infrastructure that streamlines traffic for all users. This method avoids the need for data to travel to other cities or countries to get from one network to another, making content delivery much more efficient—and fast.
This mutually beneficial arrangement reduces latency, bandwidth and cost for everyone.
There is no single organization that is the unique and ultimate source of the Internet. The Internet is built by every carrier, ISP and network operator offering Internet access. This is why it is often referred to as ‘the Network of Networks’.
In order for the Internet to work in the manner we are all used to, all those individual carriers, ISPs and network operators need to exchange data, or, put it another way, grant others access to their network. That access is either agreed on a payment basis – for transit/upstream – or on a cost neutral basis, otherwise known as peering.
In order for peering to work efficiently, Internet Exchanges offer a neutral local network where any carrier, ISP or network operator can connect and exchange traffic.
The IX uses switching equipment to build the local network by placing equipment in existing carrier-neutral data centers. For redundancy purposes, it is sometimes housed in more than one location, using dark fiber to interconnect those locations.
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